| Native Elements |
Nearly pure elements occurring naturally in the earth's crust |
| Natural law |
a statement that expresses generally observed behavior |
| Nernst equation |
an equation relating the potential of an electrochemical cell
to the concentrations of the cell components |
| Neutralization reaction |
an acid-base reaction |
| Neutrino |
A very small particle emitted along with a positron |
| Neutron |
a particle in the atomic nucleus with mass virtually equal to
the proton's but with no charge |
| Net ionic equation |
an equation for a reaction in solution, where strong
electrolytes are written as ions, showing only those components that are directly involved
in the chemical change |
| Network solid |
an atomic solid containing strong directional covalent bonds |
| Nitride salt |
a compound containing the N3- anion |
| Nitrogen cycle |
the conversion of N2 to nitrogen-containing
compounds, followed by the return of nitrogen gas to the atmosphere by natural decay
processes |
| Nitrogen fixation |
the process of transforming N2 to
nitrogen-containing compounds useful to plants |
| Noble gas |
Group 8A element |
| Node |
an area of an orbital having zero electron probability |
| Nonelectrolyte |
a substance which, when dissolved in water, gives a
nonconducting solution |
| Nonmetal |
n element not exhibiting metallic characteristics Chemically,
a typical nonmetal accepts electrons from a metal |
| Nonpolar Covalent Bond |
A covalent bond in wbich the electron pair is shared equally
between atoms having the same electronegativity |
| Nonradiative Transition |
Energy transfer from excited-state molecules through
collision with other molecules rather than through radiation of energy |
| Normal boiling point |
the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is
exactly one atmosphere |
| Normal melting point |
the temperature at which the solid and liquid states have the
same vapor pressure under conditions where the total pressure on the system is one
atmosphere |
| Normality |
the number of equivalents of a substance dissolved in a liter
of solution |
| Nuclear atom |
an atom having a dense center of positive charge (the
nucleus) with electrons moving around the outside |
| Nuclear Fission |
The cleavage of a heavy nucleus into two nuclei of
intermediate mass |
| Nuclear Fusion |
The combination of low-mass atomic nuclei into heavier nuclei |
| Nuclear Reactor |
Equipment for carrying out controlled nuclear fission
reactions, usually used to generate power |
| Nuclear transformation |
the change of one element into another |
| Nucleon |
a particle in an atomic nucleus, either a neutron or a proton |
| Nucleotide |
a monomer of the nucleic acids composed of a five-carbon
sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and phosphoric acid |
| Nucleus |
the small, dense center of positive charge in an atom |
| Nuclide |
Any isotope of any element |
